水(shui)力(li)發電(dian)(dian)站為滿足不(bu)同條(tiao)件下(xia)(xia)對(dui)水(shui)工(gong)(gong)結構物功能上的要求，設立地(di)下(xia)(xia)豎井(jing)(jing)(jing)式閘門(men)井(jing)(jing)(jing)、調壓井(jing)(jing)(jing)、通排(pai)風豎、斜(xie)(xie)(xie)井(jing)(jing)(jing)和(he)垂直(zhi)與斜(xie)(xie)(xie)井(jing)(jing)(jing)壓力(li)管(guan)道(dao)。根據對(dui)我國68座不(bu)同壩型和(he)不(bu)同開發型式的大型水(shui)電(dian)(dian)站的統計，其(qi)中有地(di)下(xia)(xia)豎井(jing)(jing)(jing)、斜(xie)(xie)(xie)井(jing)(jing)(jing)的電(dian)(dian)站就(jiu)有28座，占41%，而且每座電(dian)(dian)站都有數個豎井(jing)(jing)(jing)、斜(xie)(xie)(xie)井(jing)(jing)(jing)，井(jing)(jing)(jing)深達90m以(yi)(yi)上，垂直(zhi)壓力(li)管(guan)道(dao)深度已(yi)達300m以(yi)(yi)上。2004年開工(gong)(gong)的廣州(zhou)惠蓄水(shui)電(dian)(dian)站地(di)下(xia)(xia)廠(chang)(chang)房(fang)A廠(chang)(chang)房(fang)引水(shui)斜(xie)(xie)(xie)井(jing)(jing)(jing)隧(sui)洞長303m，傾角為60°；2005年開工(gong)(gong)的云南省溪洛(luo)渡水(shui)電(dian)(dian)站左、右岸地(di)下(xia)(xia)廠(chang)(chang)，總(zong)計設置2條(tiao)斜(xie)(xie)(xie)井(jing)(jing)(jing)，深度為215 m，傾角為75.6°；深度90m 豎井(jing)(jing)(jing)有24條(tiao)，最(zui)深的豎井(jing)(jing)(jing)為215.6 m。

隨著水電(dian)行業的(de)發展(zhan)，安(an)(an)全文(wen)明施工(gong)、環境(jing)保護(hu)的(de)意(yi)識的(de)隨著加強(qiang)，特別是安(an)(an)全防范、法律、法規意(yi)識的(de)增強(qiang)。在(zai)水電(dian)工(gong)程施工(gong)中對安(an)(an)全要求也在(zai)隨著提高，安(an)(an)全在(zai)第一位置。另(ling)外水電(dian)工(gong)程在(zai)市場經濟的(de)沖出下，工(gong)期也在(zai)大幅度縮短，一條200 m深的(de)豎井工(gong)期要求約為4～5個月，傳統人工(gong)導井法施工(gong)在(zai)如此(ci)短的(de)

時間內完成200 m深的豎井施工，其難度非常高(gao)，且(qie)豎井(jing)(jing)、斜(xie)(xie)井(jing)(jing)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)素有“咽喉工(gong)(gong)程、死(si)亡(wang)之谷”之稱。反(fan)井(jing)(jing)鉆機(ji)導井(jing)(jing)法施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)不需要施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)員至開挖(wa)面施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，提(ti)高(gao)了(le)豎井(jing)(jing)、斜(xie)(xie)井(jing)(jing)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)安全(quan)性，保(bao)證了(le)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)員的(de)生(sheng)命安全(quan)，具有良好(hao)的(de)社會安全(quan)效益(yi)。且(qie)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)作業人(ren)(ren)員配置(zhi)較少(shao)，減少(shao)豎、斜(xie)(xie)井(jing)(jing)的(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)難度，從而有效的(de)提(ti)高(gao)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)效益(yi)。因此，反(fan)井(jing)(jing)鉆機(ji)導井(jing)(jing)法施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)在(zai)水電工(gong)(gong)程施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)中有廣(guang)泛前景。