反井(jing)鉆(zhan)機(ji)采用(yong)(yong)由(you)上(shang)向下(xia)(xia)鉆(zhan)導孔(kong)(kong)(kong),由(you)下(xia)(xia)向上(shang)擴孔(kong)(kong)(kong),需要(yao)(yao)上(shang)下(xia)(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平都形成生(sheng)產(chan)系統(tong),其(qi)(qi)(qi)中上(shang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平主要(yao)(yao)是主機(ji)和(he)導孔(kong)(kong)(kong)洗(xi)(xi)井(jing)液循環系統(tong)、冷(leng)卻系統(tong)等。下(xia)(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平主要(yao)(yao)是出渣系統(tong),包(bao)括裝(zhuang)巖機(ji)和(he)運輸設備。鉆(zhan)具(ju)部分包(bao)括鉆(zhan)桿、鉆(zhan)頭(tou)和(he)破巖滾刀(dao)。RBM-200型反井(jing)鉆(zhan)機(ji),其(qi)(qi)(qi)工作(zuo)原(yuan)理為,液壓馬(ma)達(da)驅動(dong)(dong)動(dong)(dong)力水(shui)(shui)(shui)龍頭(tou),將(jiang)扭矩傳遞給鉆(zhan)具(ju)系統(tong),帶動(dong)(dong)鉆(zhan)具(ju)旋轉,破巖采用(yong)(yong)鑲齒盤形滾刀(dao),滾刀(dao)在鉆(zhan)壓的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)下(xia)(xia)沿井(jing)底(di)滾動(dong)(dong),從而對(dui)巖石產(chan)生(sheng)沖擊,擠壓和(he)剪切(qie)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong),使其(qi)(qi)(qi)破碎。導孔(kong)(kong)(kong)時巖屑(xie)沿鉆(zhan)桿與(yu)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)壁間(jian)的(de)環行(xing)空間(jian)由(you)洗(xi)(xi)井(jing)液提(ti)升到(dao)(dao)上(shang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平,擴孔(kong)(kong)(kong)時巖屑(xie)靠自重落到(dao)(dao)下(xia)(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平。

     改造后的新液壓系統為(wei)(wei)(wei)雙回(hui)路(lu)結(jie)構，左側(ce)為(wei)(wei)(wei)動(dong)力(li)頭(tou)旋(xuan)轉回(hui)路(lu)和主推力(li)缸(gang)快速運動(dong)回(hui)路(lu)，右側(ce)為(wei)(wei)(wei)輔助(zhu)系統供油(you)(you)回(hui)路(lu)和動(dong)力(li)頭(tou)工進(jin)供油(you)(you)回(hui)路(lu)。 

動(dong)力(li)(li)(li)(li)頭在導孔(kong)(kong)和(he)擴孔(kong)(kong)時由變(bian)量(liang)泵(beng)(beng)2供(gong)(gong)(gong)油(you)，電(dian)磁換(huan)向(xiang)(xiang)閥(fa)17用(yong)來控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)達(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)轉(zhuan)或反(fan)轉(zhuan)。電(dian)液(ye)(ye)比例(li)流量(liang)閥(fa)16是(shi)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)達(da)(da)調速閥(fa)，它(ta)通過(guo)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)達(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)油(you)量(liang)對液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)達(da)(da)進(jin)行(xing)調速。主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)推(tui)(tui)力(li)(li)(li)(li)缸(gang)有兩路(lu)(lu)供(gong)(gong)(gong)油(you)回(hui)路(lu)(lu)，在工進(jin)時由輔(fu)(fu)泵(beng)(beng)4供(gong)(gong)(gong)油(you)，溢流閥(fa)12控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)供(gong)(gong)(gong)油(you)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)。輔(fu)(fu)助系(xi)統供(gong)(gong)(gong)油(you)回(hui)路(lu)(lu)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)磁換(huan)向(xiang)(xiang)閥(fa)19控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)推(tui)(tui)力(li)(li)(li)(li)缸(gang)的(de)(de)(de)運動(dong)方向(xiang)(xiang)，液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)鎖21用(yong)來對液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)缸(gang)進(jin)行(xing)固定(ding)，使其(qi)停(ting)留(liu)在一個工作位置(zhi)(zhi)。單向(xiang)(xiang)順序閥(fa)22使主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)推(tui)(tui)力(li)(li)(li)(li)缸(gang)保(bao)持一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)背壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，防止(zhi)工進(jin)結束時發生前沖(chong)；主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)推(tui)(tui)力(li)(li)(li)(li)缸(gang)還可(ke)由主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)泵(beng)(beng)供(gong)(gong)(gong)油(you)，滿足裝卸鉆桿時快速升降的(de)(de)(de)要求，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)泵(beng)(beng)供(gong)(gong)(gong)油(you)回(hui)路(lu)(lu)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)磁換(huan)向(xiang)(xiang)閥(fa)19控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)供(gong)(gong)(gong)油(you)方向(xiang)(xiang)。液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)達(da)(da)和(he)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)推(tui)(tui)力(li)(li)(li)(li)缸(gang)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)泵(beng)(beng)供(gong)(gong)(gong)油(you)回(hui)路(lu)(lu)上(shang)都設(she)置(zhi)(zhi)了電(dian)液(ye)(ye)比例(li)流量(liang)閥(fa)，用(yong)來對油(you)路(lu)(lu)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)進(jin)行(xing)實時控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，以確保(bao)反(fan)井鉆機(ji)正(zheng)常運轉(zhuan)。其(qi)他(ta)輔(fu)(fu)助油(you)缸(gang)都由輔(fu)(fu)泵(beng)(beng)供(gong)(gong)(gong)油(you)。